ASP.NET PDF Viewer using C#, VB/NET

Figure 7-15. The available patterns A more flexible way to fill shapes is to use gradient brushes, which are brushes based on a QGradient object. A gradient object represents a blend between one or more colors according to a predefined pattern. The available patterns are shown in Figure 7-16. The linear gradient, which is based on the QLinearGradient class, defines a two-dimensional linear gradient. The radial gradient is implemented through QRadialGradient and describes a gradient emanating from a single point where the shade depends on the distance from the point. The conical gradient, QConicalGradient, represents a gradient emanating from a single point where the shade depends on the angle from the point. The different gradients are defined as a spread between two points (except for conical gradients, which start and stop at an angle). The way the gradient is continued outside the range defined by those points is defined by the spread policy, which is set with the setSpread method. The results from the different spread policies are also shown in Figure 7-16. With pad spread (QGradient::PadSpread) the gradient simply stops when the pads have been reached. With repeat spread (QGradient::RepeatSpread) the gradient is repeated. With reflected spread (QGradient::ReflectSpread) the gradient is repeated, but the direction is alternated causing the gradient to be reflected every other time.

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But what about the 30 foot retractable ladder that we happen to have on the fire truck; what kind of relationship exists between the ladder and the fire truck Here s our ladder class:

class Ladder { public double Length { get; set; } }

void MyButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e) { throw new ArgumentException("Please do not press that button again.", "MyButton"); } </script> This script throws an exception when you click the button. The ScriptManager control is also configured to call OnScriptManagerPageError when a page error occurs: <atlas:ScriptManager runat="server" ID="scriptManager" EnablePartialRendering="true" OnPageError="OnScriptManagerPageError"> Now when you click the button, the error will fire, and your page will display the HTML defined in the error template (see Figure 6-13).

This particular ladder is one of those powered, extensible rotating things that are built right into the truck. So let s add a property to represent that (see Example 4-2).

Note The spread policy does not affect the conical gradients because they define the color of all pixels.

class Firetruck { public Firefighter Driver { get; set; } readonly Ladder ladder = new Ladder { Length = 30.0 }; public Ladder Ladder { get { return ladder; } } } // ...

When we construct the Truck, it creates a 30-foot ladder for itself, with a read-only property to retrieve it. We call this made of association between classes composition. The ladder is a builtin part of the fire truck, but the fire truck can never be a part of the ladder, and the truck itself is responsible for the life cycle of its own ladder. What if we need to manage other equipment on the truck a detachable coil of hose, for example:

class Hose { }

Figure 7-16. Different gradients and spread policies Listing 7-7 shows how the different gradients are configured. Notice that the linear gradient is defined between two points, forming a direction. The radial gradient is defined by a center point and a radius, while the conical gradient is defined as a center point and a starting angle. The starting angle is specified in degrees, where 0 degrees define the direction pointing right from the center point. The gradients are also assigned colors using the setColorAt method. The colors are set for a value ranging between 0 and 1. These values define a point between the two points for linear gradients, where one point is 0 and the other point is 1. In the same way, 0 defines the starting point, and 1 defines the full specified radius for radial gradients. For conical gradients, 0 specifies the starting angle. The value then increases in the counterclockwise direction until 1 specifies the ending angle which is the same as the starting angle.

We could add a property to the Truck to get and set that (modeling a particular coil of hose being connected to the hose system on the truck):

public Hose Hose { get; set; }

This is another kind of composition relationship one component of the Truck is a hose, and the truck certainly can t be a part of the hose; but the containing object (the truck) no longer controls the creation and lifetime of its own piece of apparatus. Instead, we say that it aggregates the hose. Of course, there are no hard-and-fast rules about these terms and the code you write; they are just concepts which we use when we are designing systems. The definitions we ve used come from the Unified Modeling Language (UML) 2.0, and we re just mapping them to C# language features.

This concludes the tour of the ScriptManager control. In the rest of this chapter, you will look at the other server-side controls offered by the Atlas framework, and in the next chapter you will go through several examples that use these controls.